insn.h

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
#ifndef _ASM_X86_INSN_H
#define _ASM_X86_INSN_H
/*
 * x86 instruction analysis
 *
 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2009
 */

#include <asm/byteorder.h>
/* insn_attr_t is defined in inat.h */
#include "inat.h" /* __ignore_sync_check__ */

#if defined(__BYTE_ORDER) ? __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN : defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN)

struct insn_field {
	union {
		insn_value_t value;
		insn_byte_t bytes[4];
	};
	/* !0 if we've run insn_get_xxx() for this field */
	unsigned char got;
	unsigned char nbytes;
};

static inline void insn_field_set(struct insn_field *p, insn_value_t v,
				  unsigned char n)
{
	p->value = v;
	p->nbytes = n;
}

static inline void insn_set_byte(struct insn_field *p, unsigned char n,
				 insn_byte_t v)
{
	p->bytes[n] = v;
}

#else

struct insn_field {
	insn_value_t value;
	union {
		insn_value_t little;
		insn_byte_t bytes[4];
	};
	/* !0 if we've run insn_get_xxx() for this field */
	unsigned char got;
	unsigned char nbytes;
};

static inline void insn_field_set(struct insn_field *p, insn_value_t v,
				  unsigned char n)
{
	p->value = v;
	p->little = __cpu_to_le32(v);
	p->nbytes = n;
}

static inline void insn_set_byte(struct insn_field *p, unsigned char n,
				 insn_byte_t v)
{
	p->bytes[n] = v;
	p->value = __le32_to_cpu(p->little);
}
#endif

struct insn {
	struct insn_field prefixes;	/*
					 * Prefixes
					 * prefixes.bytes[3]: last prefix
					 */
	struct insn_field rex_prefix;	/* REX prefix */
	union {
		struct insn_field vex_prefix;	/* VEX prefix */
		struct insn_field xop_prefix;	/* XOP prefix */
	};
	struct insn_field opcode;	/*
					 * opcode.bytes[0]: opcode1
					 * opcode.bytes[1]: opcode2
					 * opcode.bytes[2]: opcode3
					 */
	struct insn_field modrm;
	struct insn_field sib;
	struct insn_field displacement;
	union {
		struct insn_field immediate;
		struct insn_field moffset1;	/* for 64bit MOV */
		struct insn_field immediate1;	/* for 64bit imm or off16/32 */
	};
	union {
		struct insn_field moffset2;	/* for 64bit MOV */
		struct insn_field immediate2;	/* for 64bit imm or seg16 */
	};

	int	emulate_prefix_size;
	insn_attr_t attr;
	unsigned char opnd_bytes;
	unsigned char addr_bytes;
	unsigned char length;
	unsigned char x86_64;

	const insn_byte_t *kaddr;	/* kernel address of insn to analyze */
	const insn_byte_t *end_kaddr;	/* kernel address of last insn in buffer */
	const insn_byte_t *next_byte;
};

#define MAX_INSN_SIZE	15

#define X86_MODRM_MOD(modrm) (((modrm) & 0xc0) >> 6)
#define X86_MODRM_REG(modrm) (((modrm) & 0x38) >> 3)
#define X86_MODRM_RM(modrm) ((modrm) & 0x07)

#define X86_SIB_SCALE(sib) (((sib) & 0xc0) >> 6)
#define X86_SIB_INDEX(sib) (((sib) & 0x38) >> 3)
#define X86_SIB_BASE(sib) ((sib) & 0x07)

#define X86_REX2_M(rex) ((rex) & 0x80)	/* REX2 M0 */
#define X86_REX2_R(rex) ((rex) & 0x40)	/* REX2 R4 */
#define X86_REX2_X(rex) ((rex) & 0x20)	/* REX2 X4 */
#define X86_REX2_B(rex) ((rex) & 0x10)	/* REX2 B4 */

#define X86_REX_W(rex) ((rex) & 8)	/* REX or REX2 W */
#define X86_REX_R(rex) ((rex) & 4)	/* REX or REX2 R3 */
#define X86_REX_X(rex) ((rex) & 2)	/* REX or REX2 X3 */
#define X86_REX_B(rex) ((rex) & 1)	/* REX or REX2 B3 */

/* VEX bit flags  */
#define X86_VEX_W(vex)	((vex) & 0x80)	/* VEX3 Byte2 */
#define X86_VEX_R(vex)	((vex) & 0x80)	/* VEX2/3 Byte1 */
#define X86_VEX_X(vex)	((vex) & 0x40)	/* VEX3 Byte1 */
#define X86_VEX_B(vex)	((vex) & 0x20)	/* VEX3 Byte1 */
#define X86_VEX_L(vex)	((vex) & 0x04)	/* VEX3 Byte2, VEX2 Byte1 */
/* VEX bit fields */
#define X86_EVEX_M(vex)	((vex) & 0x07)		/* EVEX Byte1 */
#define X86_VEX3_M(vex)	((vex) & 0x1f)		/* VEX3 Byte1 */
#define X86_VEX2_M	1			/* VEX2.M always 1 */
#define X86_VEX_V(vex)	(((vex) & 0x78) >> 3)	/* VEX3 Byte2, VEX2 Byte1 */
#define X86_VEX_P(vex)	((vex) & 0x03)		/* VEX3 Byte2, VEX2 Byte1 */
#define X86_VEX_M_MAX	0x1f			/* VEX3.M Maximum value */
/* XOP bit fields */
#define X86_XOP_R(xop)	((xop) & 0x80)	/* XOP Byte2 */
#define X86_XOP_X(xop)	((xop) & 0x40)	/* XOP Byte2 */
#define X86_XOP_B(xop)	((xop) & 0x20)	/* XOP Byte2 */
#define X86_XOP_M(xop)	((xop) & 0x1f)	/* XOP Byte2 */
#define X86_XOP_W(xop)	((xop) & 0x80)	/* XOP Byte3 */
#define X86_XOP_V(xop)	((xop) & 0x78)	/* XOP Byte3 */
#define X86_XOP_L(xop)	((xop) & 0x04)	/* XOP Byte3 */
#define X86_XOP_P(xop)	((xop) & 0x03)	/* XOP Byte3 */
#define X86_XOP_M_MIN	0x08	/* Min of XOP.M */
#define X86_XOP_M_MAX	0x1f	/* Max of XOP.M */

extern void insn_init(struct insn *insn, const void *kaddr, int buf_len, int x86_64);
extern int insn_get_prefixes(struct insn *insn);
extern int insn_get_opcode(struct insn *insn);
extern int insn_get_modrm(struct insn *insn);
extern int insn_get_sib(struct insn *insn);
extern int insn_get_displacement(struct insn *insn);
extern int insn_get_immediate(struct insn *insn);
extern int insn_get_length(struct insn *insn);

enum insn_mode {
	INSN_MODE_32,
	INSN_MODE_64,
	/* Mode is determined by the current kernel build. */
	INSN_MODE_KERN,
	INSN_NUM_MODES,
};

extern int insn_decode(struct insn *insn, const void *kaddr, int buf_len, enum insn_mode m);

#define insn_decode_kernel(_insn, _ptr) insn_decode((_insn), (_ptr), MAX_INSN_SIZE, INSN_MODE_KERN)

/* Attribute will be determined after getting ModRM (for opcode groups) */
static inline void insn_get_attribute(struct insn *insn)
{
	insn_get_modrm(insn);
}

/* Instruction uses RIP-relative addressing */
extern int insn_rip_relative(struct insn *insn);

static inline int insn_is_rex2(struct insn *insn)
{
	if (!insn->prefixes.got)
		insn_get_prefixes(insn);
	return insn->rex_prefix.nbytes == 2;
}

static inline insn_byte_t insn_rex2_m_bit(struct insn *insn)
{
	return X86_REX2_M(insn->rex_prefix.bytes[1]);
}

static inline int insn_is_avx_or_xop(struct insn *insn)
{
	if (!insn->prefixes.got)
		insn_get_prefixes(insn);
	return (insn->vex_prefix.value != 0);
}

static inline int insn_is_evex(struct insn *insn)
{
	if (!insn->prefixes.got)
		insn_get_prefixes(insn);
	return (insn->vex_prefix.nbytes == 4);
}

/* If we already know this is AVX/XOP encoded */
static inline int avx_insn_is_xop(struct insn *insn)
{
	insn_attr_t attr = inat_get_opcode_attribute(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[0]);

	return inat_is_xop_prefix(attr);
}

static inline int insn_is_xop(struct insn *insn)
{
	if (!insn_is_avx_or_xop(insn))
		return 0;

	return avx_insn_is_xop(insn);
}

static inline int insn_has_emulate_prefix(struct insn *insn)
{
	return !!insn->emulate_prefix_size;
}

static inline insn_byte_t insn_vex_m_bits(struct insn *insn)
{
	if (insn->vex_prefix.nbytes == 2)	/* 2 bytes VEX */
		return X86_VEX2_M;
	else if (insn->vex_prefix.nbytes == 3)	/* 3 bytes VEX */
		return X86_VEX3_M(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[1]);
	else					/* EVEX */
		return X86_EVEX_M(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[1]);
}

static inline insn_byte_t insn_vex_p_bits(struct insn *insn)
{
	if (insn->vex_prefix.nbytes == 2)	/* 2 bytes VEX */
		return X86_VEX_P(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[1]);
	else
		return X86_VEX_P(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[2]);
}

static inline insn_byte_t insn_vex_w_bit(struct insn *insn)
{
	if (insn->vex_prefix.nbytes < 3)
		return 0;
	return X86_VEX_W(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[2]);
}

static inline insn_byte_t insn_xop_map_bits(struct insn *insn)
{
	if (insn->xop_prefix.nbytes < 3)	/* XOP is 3 bytes */
		return 0;
	return X86_XOP_M(insn->xop_prefix.bytes[1]);
}

static inline insn_byte_t insn_xop_p_bits(struct insn *insn)
{
	return X86_XOP_P(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[2]);
}

/* Get the last prefix id from last prefix or VEX prefix */
static inline int insn_last_prefix_id(struct insn *insn)
{
	if (insn_is_avx_or_xop(insn)) {
		if (avx_insn_is_xop(insn))
			return insn_xop_p_bits(insn);
		return insn_vex_p_bits(insn);	/* VEX_p is a SIMD prefix id */
	}

	if (insn->prefixes.bytes[3])
		return inat_get_last_prefix_id(insn->prefixes.bytes[3]);

	return 0;
}

/* Offset of each field from kaddr */
static inline int insn_offset_rex_prefix(struct insn *insn)
{
	return insn->prefixes.nbytes;
}
static inline int insn_offset_vex_prefix(struct insn *insn)
{
	return insn_offset_rex_prefix(insn) + insn->rex_prefix.nbytes;
}
static inline int insn_offset_opcode(struct insn *insn)
{
	return insn_offset_vex_prefix(insn) + insn->vex_prefix.nbytes;
}
static inline int insn_offset_modrm(struct insn *insn)
{
	return insn_offset_opcode(insn) + insn->opcode.nbytes;
}
static inline int insn_offset_sib(struct insn *insn)
{
	return insn_offset_modrm(insn) + insn->modrm.nbytes;
}
static inline int insn_offset_displacement(struct insn *insn)
{
	return insn_offset_sib(insn) + insn->sib.nbytes;
}
static inline int insn_offset_immediate(struct insn *insn)
{
	return insn_offset_displacement(insn) + insn->displacement.nbytes;
}

/**
 * for_each_insn_prefix() -- Iterate prefixes in the instruction
 * @insn: Pointer to struct insn.
 * @idx:  Index storage.
 * @prefix: Prefix byte.
 *
 * Iterate prefix bytes of given @insn. Each prefix byte is stored in @prefix
 * and the index is stored in @idx (note that this @idx is just for a cursor,
 * do not change it.)
 * Since prefixes.nbytes can be bigger than 4 if some prefixes
 * are repeated, it cannot be used for looping over the prefixes.
 */
#define for_each_insn_prefix(insn, idx, prefix)	\
	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(insn->prefixes.bytes) && (prefix = insn->prefixes.bytes[idx]) != 0; idx++)

#define POP_SS_OPCODE 0x1f
#define MOV_SREG_OPCODE 0x8e

/*
 * Intel SDM Vol.3A 6.8.3 states;
 * "Any single-step trap that would be delivered following the MOV to SS
 * instruction or POP to SS instruction (because EFLAGS.TF is 1) is
 * suppressed."
 * This function returns true if @insn is MOV SS or POP SS. On these
 * instructions, single stepping is suppressed.
 */
static inline int insn_masking_exception(struct insn *insn)
{
	return insn->opcode.bytes[0] == POP_SS_OPCODE ||
		(insn->opcode.bytes[0] == MOV_SREG_OPCODE &&
		 X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 2);
}

#endif /* _ASM_X86_INSN_H */