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Kernel: Julia

Learning Julia

Sean Paradiso

Arjun Tummala

The Julia syntax for comments is a '#' for single lines and '#=' before text and '=#' after text for multiple lines.
# Single line comment

#= This is 
a multiple line
comment =#
Variable declarations are syntaxed by starting with a letter or underscore followed by letters, digits, underscores, and exclamation points. Certain unicode characters are also available.
variable1 = 8
8
_newvar = 10
10
excitingvar! = 25
25
The basic syntax for printing output is 'println()'.
println(variable1)
8
The basic Julia data types are integers, floats, strings, arrays, boolean, etc.
We define our data types as follows:
# integers are defined by the keyword 'Int' [Int32 or Int64]
1234
1234
# floats are defined by the keyword 'Float' [Float32 or Float64]
12.34
12.34
# string are defined by the use of ""
"New string here"
"New string here"
# arrays store a sequence of values and are defined with a keyword and brackets
array = Float32[]
0-element Array{Float32,1}
# boolean are defined with true or false and other conditionals
!true
false
10 >= 4
true
8 == 8
true
5 != 2
true

The basic control structures are if (no indentatoin necessary), elseif, else, for, while, and try/catch blocks

var = 6
if var > 5
println("Your number is bigger than 5")
elseif var < 5
println("Your number is smaller than 5")
else
println("Your number is equal to 5")
end
Your number is bigger than 5 
var = 4
if var > 5
    println("Your number is bigger than 5")
elseif var < 5
    println("Your number is smaller than 5")
else
    println("Your number is equal to 5")
end
Your number is smaller than 5 
var = 5
if var > 5
    println("Your number is bigger than 5")
elseif var < 5
    println("Your number is smaller than 5")
else
    println("Your number is equal to 5")
end
Your number is equal to 5 
for car = ["dodge", "toyota", "hyundai"]
    println("$car is a vehicle")
end
dodge is a vehicle toyota is a vehicle hyundai is a vehicle 
x = 38
while x < 63
    println(x)
    x += 3
end
38 41 44 47 50 53 56 59 62 
try
   error("help")
catch e
   println("caught it $e")
end
caught it ErrorException("help")
Some notable differences between Python and Julia are:
- Indentation is not meaningful to Julia
- Python uses 'print' while Julia uses 'println'
- Julia uses 'elseif' while Python uses 'elif' for if statements
- Python also does not use 'end' at the end of a for or while loop
Some notable similarities between Python and Julia are:
- Python and Julia are functional programming languages
- They use the same Data Types
- Both are optimized for high level computaion
- In both languages we can utilize triple quotes to aid with strings that have line breaks
function fib(n)
  x,y = (0,1)
  for i = 1:n
    x,y = (y, x+y)
  end
  return x
end


for n=1:100
  println(fib(n))
end
1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597 2584 4181 6765 10946 17711 28657 46368 75025 121393 196418 317811 514229 832040 1346269 2178309 3524578 5702887 9227465 14930352 24157817 39088169 63245986 102334155 165580141 267914296 433494437 701408733 1134903170 1836311903 2971215073 4807526976 7778742049 12586269025 20365011074 32951280099 53316291173 86267571272 139583862445 225851433717 365435296162 591286729879 956722026041 1548008755920 2504730781961 4052739537881 6557470319842 10610209857723 17167680177565 27777890035288 44945570212853 72723460248141 117669030460994 190392490709135 308061521170129 498454011879264 806515533049393 1304969544928657 2111485077978050 3416454622906707 5527939700884757 8944394323791464 14472334024676221 23416728348467685 37889062373143906 61305790721611591 99194853094755497 160500643816367088 259695496911122585 420196140727489673 679891637638612258 1100087778366101931 1779979416004714189 2880067194370816120 4660046610375530309 7540113804746346429 -6246583658587674878 1293530146158671551 -4953053512429003327 -3659523366270331776 -8612576878699335103 6174643828739884737 -2437933049959450366 3736710778780434371